Film, also called movie, motion picture or moving picture, is a visual art-form used to simulate experiences that communicate ideas, stories, perceptions, feelings, beauty, or atmosphere through the use of moving images. These images are generally accompanied by sound, and more rarely, other sensory stimulations.[1] The word "cinema", short for cinematography, is often used to refer to filmmaking and the film industry, and to the art form that is the result of it.

An animated GIF of a photographic sequence shot by Eadweard Muybridge in 1887. His chronophotographic works can be regarded as movies recorded before there was a proper way to replay the material in motion.

The moving images of a film are created by photographing actual scenes with a motion-picture camera, by photographing drawings or miniature models using traditional animation techniques, by means of CGI and computer animation, or by a combination of some or all of these techniques, and other visual effects.

Traditionally, films were recorded onto celluloid film stock through a photochemical process and then shown through a movie projector onto a large screen. Contemporary films are often fully digital through the entire process of production, distribution, and exhibition, while films recorded in a photochemical form traditionally included an analogous optical soundtrack (a graphic recording of the spoken words, music and other sounds that accompany the images which runs along a portion of the film exclusively reserved for it, and is not projected).

Films are cultural artifacts created by specific cultures. They reflect those cultures, and, in turn, affect them. Film is considered to be an important art form, a source of popular entertainment, and a powerful medium for educating—or indoctrinating—citizens. The visual basis of film gives it a universal power of communication. Some films have become popular worldwide attractions through the use of dubbing or subtitles to translate the dialog into other languages.

The individual images that make up a film are called frames. In the projection of traditional celluloid films, a rotating shutter causes intervals of darkness as each frame, in turn, is moved into position to be projected, but the viewer does not notice the interruptions because of an effect known as persistence of vision, whereby the eye retains a visual image for a fraction of a second after its source disappears. The perception of motion is partly due to a psychological effect called the phi phenomenon.

The name "film" originates from the fact that photographic film (also called film stock) has historically been the medium for recording and displaying motion pictures. Many other terms exist for an individual motion-picture, including picture, picture show, moving picture, photoplay, and flick. The most common term in the United States is movie, while in Europe film is preferred. Common terms for the field in general include the big screen, the silver screen, the movies, and cinema; the last of these is commonly used, as an overarching term, in scholarly texts and critical essays. In early years, the word sheet was sometimes used instead of screen.

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Ответы на вопрос:

Damirkair2003

Английский язык

4,5(25 оценок)

... Вчера на уроке английского языка мы обсуждали газетную статью о проблемах подростков. Я думаю, что газеты иногда публикуют важные и актуальные материалы. Какие газеты популярны в России? Существуют ли в вашей стране специальные газеты для детей и подростков? Какие газеты и периодические издания читаете вы и ваша семья?...

Dear Derek,

Thank you so much for your letter. It was great to hear from you again. I`m awfully sorry that I didn`t write before. I was really busy preparing for me tests.

As for your questions, I think that newspapers about finance and politics are really popular nowadays. People are highly concerned about their financial problems and international relationships. However, I don`t read that sort of printed media. There are different newspapers and magazines for teenagers with quizzes, comics and educational articles. I prefer comics and magazines about technologies. My dad reads newspapers about politics and my mum likes magazines about celebrities like “Story”, for example.

That`s all for now.

Best wishes,

Ivan

Дорогой Дерек,

Большое за твое письмо. Было здорово снова тебя услышать. Мне ужасно жаль, что я не писал раньше. Я был очень занят подготовкой к тестам.

Что касается твоих вопросов, я думаю, что газеты о финансах и политике сегодня очень популярны. Люди очень обеспокоены своими финансовыми проблемами и международными отношениями. Однако я не читаю такого рода печатные СМИ. Существуют различные газеты и журналы для подростков с викторинами, комиксами и познавательными статьями. Я предпочитаю комиксы и журналы о технологиях. Мой папа читает газеты о политике, а мама любит журналы о знаменитостях, например, "Story".

На данный момент это все.

С наилучшими пожеланиями,

Иван

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