Text C. Airport Tests Passenger Eye Ids Heathrow Airport is testing a new hi-tech identity system which examines a passenger’s eye, rather than their passport as they go through immigration control. Heathrow is the first UK airport to carry out a large-scale trial of the iris recognition technology, which was unveiled at the airport last Friday.
The aim is to speed up the movement of passengers through the terminal and detect illegal immigrants. A total of 2,000 passengers who frequently fly from North America to Heathrow on Virgin and British Airways flights are taking part in the five-month trial. Each passenger will have an image of one of their eye’s iris stored on computer. Instead of showing their passport on arrival they will go into a kiosk where in seconds a camera will check that the pattern of their iris matches computer records. If so a barrier will automatically open. The trial will test the technology and gauge passenger reaction.

1.4.1 Guess the meaning of the following words by their explanation:
identity (n)
iris (n)
gauge (v)
large-scale (adj)
trial (n)
pattern (n)
to match (v)
image (n)
record (n)
to detect (v)

sameness, who or what a particular person or thing is;
the round, coloured part of the eye;
to judge the worth, meaning , etc., of something or somebody’s actions;
long, sophisticated;
experiment;
model , sample;
to be like or suitable for use;
a picture, a copy, (esp. in mind);
a written statement of facts, amounts, events, etc.;
to find out, to notice

1.4.2 Say whether the following statements are true or false:
1) A new hi-tech identity system examines a passenger’s ear rather than their passport as they go through immigration control.
2) Heathrow is the first USA airport to carry out such an experiment.
3) The aim of the system is to speed up the movement of passengers through the terminal.
4) Passengers who frequently fly from North America to Heathrow are taking part in a six-month trial.
5) Each passenger will have an image of their eyes’ iris stored on computer.

1.5.1 Supply prepositions or adverbs where necessary:
1) It is the porters who always carry the passenger’s luggage .….. the hold of a ship or ….. the luggage-van of a train ….. the customs-house ….. an inspection.
2) This is duty-free according ….. our customs regulations.
3) Do you know whether there are any restrictions ….. imported cameras in this country?
4) Personal effects are usually duty-free if one does not exceed ….. a certain quota.
5) In a number of countries furs do not fall ….. customs restrictions.
6) Customs duties are taxed both ….. imported as well as exported goods.

1.5.2 Make up sentences with the Passive and Active Voice using the following word combinations:
not liable to duty, to be subject to customs restrictions, to inspect one’s luggage, to be released by the customs, to go through the customs, to have a greater amount of something.

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Emotions and feelings are all traits we share as humans. According to an article in the publication Psychology Today, “emotions are multi-faceted experiences” of “internal subjective experiences, facial expressions and physiological reactions.” Teasing out the feelings and emotions that people have, and learning why they have them, is an important role for mental health professionals.

Those interested in exploring the difference between feelings and emotions — and understanding the mind, human behavior, and strategic ways of helping mental health patients — usually complete advanced programs of study such as a master’s in counseling. This education is necessary to understand the difference between feelings and emotions from a clinical perspective. Let’s explore that difference, along with how emotions can impact daily life for many individuals.

Feelings versus Emotions

Many people use the terms “feeling” and “emotion” as synonyms, but they are not interchangeable. While they have similar elements, there is a marked difference between feelings and emotions.

Feelings. Both emotional experiences and physical sensations — such as hunger or pain — bring about feelings, according to Psychology Today. Feelings are a conscious experience, although not every conscious experience, such as seeing or believing, is a feeling, as explained in the article.

Emotions. According to Psychology Today, an emotion “can only ever be felt…through the emotional experiences it gives rise to, even though it might be discovered through its associated thoughts, beliefs, desires, and actions.” Emotions are not conscious but instead manifest in the unconscious mind. These emotions can be brought to the surface of the conscious state through extended psychotherapy.

A fundamental difference between feelings and emotions is that feelings are experienced consciously, while emotions manifest either consciously or subconsciously. Some people may spend years, or even a lifetime, not understanding the depths of their emotions.

Range of Emotions

Throughout life, humans experience many emotions. This range of emotions is impacted by such factors as their behavior, the culture they come from, and their previous traumatic experiences.

How Emotions Impact Behavior

According to a study published in Personality and Social Psychology Review (PSPR), emotion is a “feedback system whose influence on behavior is indirect.” While according to the PSPR study, the behavior is used to “pursue (or avoid) anticipated emotional outcomes,” behavior also “provides feedback and stimulating retrospective appraisal of actions, conscious emotional states [which] can promote learning and alter guidelines for future behavior.”