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язык. основы компьютерной грамотности 45
basic data processing operations
five basic operations are characteristic of all data process-ing systems: inputting, storing, processing, outputting, and controlling. they are defined as follows.
inputting is the process of entering data, which are collected facts, into a data processing system. storing is saving data or information so that they are available for initial or for additional processing. processing represents performing arithmetic or log¬ical operations on data in order to convert them into useful in¬formation. outputting is the process of producing useful infor¬mation, such as a printed report or visual display.
controlling is directing the manner and sequence in which all of the above operations are performed.
data storage hierarchy
it is known that data, once entered, are organized and stored in successively more comprehensive groupings. generally, these groupings are called a data storage hierarchy. the general group¬ings of any data storage hierarchy are as follows.
1) characters, which are all written language symbols: letters, numbers, and special symbols. 2) data elements, which are meaningful collections of related characters. data elements are also called data items or fields. 3) records, which are collections of related data elements. 4) files, which are collections of related records. a set of related files is called a data base or a data bank.

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Vee340

Английский язык

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We live in greentown. our town is not very large, but it is nice. there are buses and cars in the streets. we live at 78, central street. our street is long and there are many trees in it. in spring and in summer the trees are green.there is a garden in front of our house. in the garden there are trees,and red, blue and yellow flowers. i like the garden. in the evening i go to the garden, sit on a bench and read a book.in the afternoon after classes i play with my friends in our yard. our yard is very large. my friends live in central street too, but they do not live in our house. our house is number 78, my friends live at number 82.