34 ! как строятся отрицательные и вопросительные предложения в страдательном залоге?
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Ответы на вопрос:
Образование предложений разного типа во всех временах происходит без использования дополнительных средств ( глаголы), а только через смену порядка слов. в примерах будут использоваться только те времена, которые были объяснены в предыдущих уроках и темах. отрицательные предложения действительный залог / active voiceстрадательный залог / passive voicepresent indefinitehe gives piano lessonspiano lessons are not givenpast indefinitehe gave piano lessonspiano lessons were not givenfuture indefinitehe will give piano lessonspiano lessons will not be givenpresent continuoushe is giving piano lessonspiano lessons are not being givenpast continuoushe was giving piano lessonspiano lessons were not being givenpresent perfecthe has given piano lessonspiano lessons have not been given примечание отрицательная частица not в страдательных залогах не утрачивает способности образовывать краткие формы с глаголами. i am afraid the keys won't be found tomorrow. we weren't called to the party. вопросительные предложения в страдательном залоге времен present indefinite, past indefinite, present continuous, past continuous на первое место (в общих вопросах) и на второе (в специальных вопросах) выносится форма глагола to be. действительный залог / active voiceстрадательный залог / passive voicepresent indefinitedo you play music in this bar every night? is music played in this bar every night? past indefinitedid you take your son from school yesterday? was your son taken from school by you? present continuousis she making a special dinner? is a special dinner being made by her? past continuouswere strange people following him? was he being followed by strange people? примечание страдательный залог в некоторых случаях выглядит несколько странно (и в и в вариантах). поэтому в таких случаях лучше использовать залог действительный. is a special dinner being made by her? - особенный ужин сейчас делается ею? лучше заменить на: is she making a special dinner? в остальных временах (группы perfect и indefinite) на первое место (в общих вопросах) и на второе (в специальных) выносится глагол have/has или shall/will. действительный залог / active voiceстрадательный залог / passive voicefuture indefinitewill you drive me home? will i be driven home? present perfecthas he already fixed his car? has his car already been fixed? специальные вопросы действительный залог / active voiceстрадательный залог / passive voicepresent indefinitewhat does she usually do after work? what is usually done by her after work? past continuouswhat were you playing on the piano when i came? what was being played on the piano by you when i came? future indefinitehow will you name your cat? how will your cat be named? present perfectwhy has he broken the door? why the door has been broken by him?
1. I’ve got some questions. And you? Have you got any questions? 2. Can you
make some cakes? – I’m sorry. There isn’t any butter. 3. We’ve got some sugar,
but we haven’t got any jam. 4. She’s got some nice little dolls, have you got any?
5. I haven’t got any milk. Please buy some . 6. What would you like? – I’d like
some soup. 7. There aren’t any new words in the text. 8. I’d like some porridge.
9. I have got some English stamps. Have you got any? 10. I’d like some sandwiches. Have you got any cheese? 11. You’ve got a lot of nuts. Please give some to
your sister. 12. There are a lot of chairs in the room, you can take some .
13. I’d like some juice, have you got any ? 14. We haven’t got any bread, we must
buy some brown bread.
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